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Life is everywhere on Earth. Living organisms are found from the poles to the equator, from the bottom of the sea till high in the air, from freezing waters to dry valleys to thermal vents till deep below the surface. Since life on Earth is so common and resistant to extreme environments, we think that extra-terrestrial lifeforms, such as micro-organisms, are very likely to exist in the Solar System and throughout the universe. Mars is a candidate and also the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, which have liquid oceans under the icy surface. We found the chemical building blocks of life everywhere in the Solar System and throughout the universe. We even found dozens of potentially habitable planets orbiting other stars. Several current and planned missions, earthbound and from space, are up to search for signs of life, intelligent and bacterial. Scientists expect to find alien life within a decade. What will be the impact on our lives, our understanding of evolution, our religions, our place in the universe? As SF-author and inventor Arthur C. Clarke stated in the 1940’s: “Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying”.